• Define CKD-MBD and describe its major components, including abnormalities in mineral metabolism, bone disease, and extraskeletal calcification. • Explain the epidemiology and risk factors associated with CKD-MBD and identify populations at increased risk. • Describe the pathophysiology of CKD-MBD, including the roles of phosphate retention, FGF-23, vitamin D deficiency, hypocalcemia, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. • Differentiate the various forms of renal osteodystrophy, including osteitis fibrosa cystica, adynamic bone disease, osteomalacia, and mixed uremic osteodystrophy. • Recognize the clinical manifestations and complications of CKD-MBD, including fractures, vascular calcification, valvular calcification, and calciphylaxis • Identify appropriate laboratory and imaging investigations used in the diagnosis and monitoring of CKD-MBD. • Interpret biochemical markers such as calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and alkaline phosphatase in CKD-MBD patients. • Discuss evidence-based management strategies for CKD-MBD, including phosphate control, vitamin D replacement, phosphate binders, calcimimetics, dialysis considerations, and parathyroidectomy. • Apply KDIGO guideline recommendations in the prevention and management of CKD-MBD complications to improve patient outcomes and reduce cardiovascular and skeletal morbidity. • Appreciate the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the care of patients with chronic kidney disease and associated mineral and bone disorders.